The Typeface Anatomy and Glossary is an extremely extensive resource for all things relating to type terminology. It has an index where the user can jump to different letters on the list, and has definitions for a variety of terms. Unfortunately, it did previously have a FAQs page that answered font-related questions, but it no longer exists. Luckily, the glossary itself is still a pretty useful resource.
Typewolf Learning Resource
Typography Fall 19 